树莓派 Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS 初始化

修改系统时间

1. 修改timesyncd.conf

   sudo vi /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf
   

2. 修改NTP参数，修改结果为：

   #  This file is part of systemd.
   #
   #  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   #  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
   #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
   #  (at your option) any later version.
   #
   # Entries in this file show the compile time defaults.
   # You can change settings by editing this file.
   # Defaults can be restored by simply deleting this file.
   #
   # See timesyncd.conf(5) for details.
   
   [Time]
   NTP=ntp2.aliyun.com
   #FallbackNTP=ntp.ubuntu.com
   #RootDistanceMaxSec=5
   #PollIntervalMinSec=32
   #PollIntervalMaxSec=2048
   

3. 设置

   sudo timedatectl set-timezone "Asia/Shanghai"
   sudo timedatectl set-local-rtc true
   sudo timedatectl set-ntp true
   

修改apt国内源

1. 备份

   sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
   

2. 修改sources.list, 文件内容为：

   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports focal main restricted
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports focal-updates main restricted
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports focal universe
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports focal-updates universe
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports focal multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports focal-updates multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports focal-security main restricted
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports focal-security universe
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports focal-security multiverse
   

新增swap

1. 创建swapfile

   sudo fallocate -l 2G /swapfile
   

2. 修改swapfile权限

   sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
   

3. 创建交换空间

   sudo mkswap /swapfile
   

4. 激活swapfile

   sudo swapon /swapfile
   

5. 永久化
   修改文件/etc/fstab，添加以下内容

   /swapfile       swap    swap    defaults        0       0
   

6. 设置交换值

   • 查看

     cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
     

   • 临时生效

     sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=40
     

   • 永久生效
     在/etc/sysctl.d中新建配置文件10-swappiness.conf， 内容为

      vm.swappiness=40
     

7. 停用swap

   sudo swapoff /swapfile